An unusual network of α-MnO2 nanowires with structure-induced hydrophilicity and conductivity for improved electrocatalysis

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63793-2

Abstract

Abstract:

Nanowires with anisotropic morphologies have been applied in various scientific and technological areas. It is also widely employed to fabricate nanowires into high-dimensional superstructures (arrays, networks etc.) to overcome the shortcomings of low-dimensional nanowires. However, typical strategies for constructing these superstructures are restricted to complicated and harsh synthetic conditions, not to mention unique 3D structures with advanced properties beyond common superstructures. Herein, we report an unusual network of α-MnO₂ nanowires with structure-induced hydrophilicity and conductivity. In the network, the nanowires are interconnected from all directions by nodes, and the 3D network structure is formed from the endless connection of nodes in a node-by-node way. The unique network structure brings about high hydrophilicity and conductivity, both of which are positive factors for an efficient electrocatalyst. Accordingly, the α-MnO₂ network was tested for electrocatalytic water oxidation and showed significantly enhanced activity compared with isolated α-MnO₂ nanowires and 3D α-MnO₂ microspheres. This study not only provides a synthetic route toward an advanced network structure but also a new idea for the design of materials for electrochemistry with both efficient mass diffusion and charge transfer.

Key words: Electrocatalysis, Water oxidation, Oxygen evolution reaction, MnO₂ network, Hydrophilicity, Conductivity

Yingdong Chen, Shujiao Yang, Hongfei Liu, Wei Zhang, Rui Cao. An unusual network of α-MnO₂ nanowires with structure-induced hydrophilicity and conductivity for improved electrocatalysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2021, 42(10): 1724-1731.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63793-2

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2021/V42/I10/1724

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1. The SEM image of the α-MnO2 nanowire network. The enlarged area (right) shows the connection of two nodes (red circles) by wires.

Fig. 2. The SEM images of the materials synthesized at different conditions. The pure network structure can be obtained at 220 °C, 24 h in a pH = 4.0 solution. The conditions are screened for different temperatures (a-c), different reaction time (d-f), and different pH values (g-i).

Fig. 3. The SEM (a,b), TEM (c) and HRTEM (d) images of the α-MnO2-NWN. The inset in (d) is the overall view of the corresponding nanowire and the SAED pattern.

Fig. 4. The physical characterizations of the α-MnO2 nanowire network (α-MnO2-NWN) (a), the α-MnO2 nanowires (α-MnO2-NWs) (b), and the α-MnO2 microspheres (α-MnO2-MSs) (c); XRD patterns (d) and the N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (e), the contact angles of water droplets (f), and the four-point probe electronic resistance test (g) of the three samples.

Fig. 5. The electrochemical performance for OER of the three α-MnO2 materials in 1 M KOH. (a) CVs; (b) Tafel plots based on the activation current density (jac) determined by extrapolating a Koutecky-Levich plot of j-1 vs. ω-1/2 to infinite rotation rate (ω-1/2 = 0); (c) Tafel plots based on the static current density. The Laviron analysis of the three α-MnO2 materials in 0.1 M KCl: (d?f) The redox events of [Fe(CN)6]3- at different scan rates from 0.05 to 0.4 V s-1; (g,h) The peak positions of the anodic and cathodic events plotted against the logarithm of the scan rates; (i) The calculated electron transfer rate constants of the three samples.

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An unusual network of α-MnO₂ nanowires with structure-induced hydrophilicity and conductivity for improved electrocatalysis

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