Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 1049-1057.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63947-5
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Linlin Wanga, Xin Lia, Leiduan Haoa, Song Honga, Alex W. Robertsonb, Zhenyu Suna,c,*()
Received:
2021-07-15
Accepted:
2021-07-15
Online:
2022-03-05
Published:
2022-03-01
Contact:
Zhenyu Sun
Supported by:
Linlin Wang, Xin Li, Leiduan Hao, Song Hong, Alex W. Robertson, Zhenyu Sun. Integration of ultrafine CuO nanoparticles with two-dimensional MOFs for enhanced electrochemical CO2 reduction to ethylene[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(4): 1049-1057.
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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63947-5
Fig. 1. (a) Schematic of the synthesis of CuO/Cu-MOF composite; (b) XRD patterns of CuO/Cu-MOF and simulated Cu-BDC MOF; (c) FT-IR, (d) Cu 2p XPS, and (e) O 1s XPS spectra of CuO/Cu-MOF; (f) N2 adsorption-desorption profiles of CuO/Cu-MOF; (g) CO2 desorption curves of CuO/Cu-MOF and commercial CuO [CuO (coml)].
Fig. 2. Low-magnification (a) and high-magnification (b) HAADF-STEM images of CuO/Cu-MOF composite. EDS elemental maps of Cu (c), O (d), C (e), and N (f) over the region depicted in image (b), along with corresponding EDS spectrum (g). (h,i,k) High-resolution STEM images of CuO/Cu-MOF; The inset in (i) shows size distribution of CuO NPs; (j) Transformed STEM image of (k). (l,m) Enlarged STEM images of the areas enclosed in the dashed squares in (k). (n,o) Corresponding FFT patterns of the regions shown in (l and m).
Fig. 3. (a) LSV profiles of CuO/Cu-MOF in Ar- (black dotted line) or CO2- (red solid line) saturated 0.1 mol/L KHCO3 solution with a scan rate of 5.0 mV s?1; (b) ECR FE (bar) and overall current density (ball) against applied potential over CuO/Cu-MOF electrode in CO2-purged 0.1 mol/L KHCO3; (c) ECR FE (bar) and overall current density (ball) of CuO/Cu-MOF against mole ratio of 1,4-BDC and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O; (d) ECR FE (bar) and partial current density (ball) of CuO/Cu-MOF obtained with distinct copper precursor types together with Cu-MOF and CuO. Data in Fig. 3(b)?(d) are represented as mean ± SE.
Fig. 4. (a) ECR FE (bar) and C2H4 partial geometric current density (ball) of CuO/Cu-MOF obtained at varying conditions (solvothermal temperature, linker type), commercial Cu(OH)2, 1,4-BDC, CuO, Cu2O, and Cu powder; (b) ECR FE (bar) and C2H4 geometric current density (ball) of CuO/Cu-MOF in various electrolytes. The concentration of anions in various mixed electrolytes is 0.1 mol/L while the concentration of K+in all the cases is 0.2 mol/L. The cathodic potential applied is -1.1 V. Data are represented as mean ± SE.
Fig. 5. C2H4 FEs (a) and C2H4 EEs (b) of CuO/Cu-MOF and previously demonstrated Cu-based materials (summarized in Table S1) in an H-type cell; (c) Tafel plots for C2H4 production of CuO/Cu-MOF, neat Cu-MOF, and CuO; (d) Nyquist curves with corresponding fitting profiles for CuO/Cu-MOF, CuO, and Cu-MOF. The inset depicts the equivalent circuit used for fitting the data, where RS shows the combination of the resistance of electrodes and electrolyte, CPE and Rct represent the capacitance and charge transfer resistance of working electrode-electrolyte interface, respectively. (e) C2H4 FEs (bar) and corresponding partial current densities (ball) for CuO/Cu-MOF during cycles at -1.1 V with an interval of 1.0 h in CO2- and Ar-purged 0.1 mol/L KHCO3. Data are represented as mean ± SE. (f) Current density and C2H4 FE as function of time for electrolysis at a controlled cathodic voltage of -1.1 V. The mole ratio of 1,4-BDC and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and solvothermal temperature used for the synthesis of CuO/Cu-MOF are 3:1 and 100.0 °C unless specified otherwise.
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