催化学报

催化学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 391-396.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

固体超强碱氧化钙催化制备生物柴油及其精制工艺

朱华平1,吴宗斌2,陈元雄1,张萍1,段世杰2,刘晓华1,毛宗强2   

  1. 1 中国地质大学材料科学与化学工程学院, 湖北武汉 430074; 2 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2006-05-25 出版日期:2006-05-25 发布日期:2006-05-25

Preparation of Biodiesel Catalyzed by Solid Super Base of Calcium Oxide and Its Refining Process

ZHU Huaping1, WU Zongbin2*, CHEN Yuanxiong1, ZHANG Ping1, DUAN Shijie2, LIU Xiaohua1, MAO Zongqiang2*   

  1. 1 Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China;2 Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2006-05-25 Online:2006-05-25 Published:2006-05-25

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摘要： 以麻风果油为原料,研究了固体超强碱氧化钙在生物柴油制备工艺中的催化性能,考察了催化剂的焙烧温度、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量及醇油比对转化率的影响,确定了最优化的反应条件. 对产品脱钙精制工艺进行了研究, 考察了三种络合剂的脱钙性能. 结果表明,柠檬酸是一种很好的可用于生物柴油的脱钙剂,精制后生物柴油的主要指标符合国内外同类产品的标准.

关键词: 固体超强碱, 氧化钙, 多相催化, 麻风果油, 生物柴油, 精制

Abstract: Biodiesel produced by the transesterification of vegetable oils is a promising alternative fuel to diesel regarding the limited resources of fossil fuel and environmental concerns. An environmentally benign process was developed for the production of biodiesel from jatropha curcas oil using a heterogeneous solid super base catalyst, calcium oxide. The results showed that the base strength of calcium oxide was more than 26.5 after calcination following dipping in an ammonium carbonate solution. A study for optimizing the reaction conditions for the transesterification of jatropha curcas oil was performed. Under the optimum conditions of catalyst calcination temperature of 900 ℃, reaction temperature of 70 ℃, reaction time of 2.5 h, catalyst dosage of 1.5%, and methanol/oil molar ratio of 9, the oil conversion was 93%. The purification of the as-synthesized biodiesel by decalcification agents for eliminating the remaining calcium was investigated. Citric acid showed good performance in decalcification. The properties of the refined biodiesel accord with the domestic and foreign standards.

Key words: solid super base, calcium oxide, heterogeneous catalysis, jatropha curcas oil, biodiesel, refining