催化学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 458-472.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(14)60175-3

• 燃料电池电催化专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

Nano-electrocatalyst materials for low temperature fuel cells: A review

K. Vignaroobana,e, J. Linb, A. Arvayc, S. Kollia, I. Kruusenbergd, K. Tammeveskid, L. Munukutlaa, A. M. Kannana   

  1. a Fuel Cell Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Computing Systems, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA;
    b Golisano Institute for Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
    c Computer Science Department, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
    d Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;
    e Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Jaffna, Jaffna 40000, Sri Lanka
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-06 修回日期:2014-05-20 出版日期:2015-03-23 发布日期:2015-03-23
  • 通讯作者: A. M.Kannan

Nano-electrocatalyst materials for low temperature fuel cells: A review

K. Vignaroobana,e, J. Linb, A. Arvayc, S. Kollia, I. Kruusenbergd, K. Tammeveskid, L. Munukutlaa, A. M. Kannana   

  1. a Fuel Cell Laboratory, Department of Engineering and Computing Systems, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA;
    b Golisano Institute for Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
    c Computer Science Department, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
    d Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;
    e Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Jaffna, Jaffna 40000, Sri Lanka
  • Received:2014-04-06 Revised:2014-05-20 Online:2015-03-23 Published:2015-03-23

摘要:

Low temperature fuel cells are an attractive technology for transportation and residential applications due to their quick start up and shut down capabilities. This review analyzed the current status of nanocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and alkaline membrane fuel cells. The preparation process influences the performance of the nanocatalyst. Several synthesis methods are covered for noble and non-noble metal catalysts on various catalyst supports including carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanowires, and graphenes. Ex situ and in situ characterization methods like scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fuel cell testing of the nanocatalysts on various supports for both proton exchange and alkaline membrane fuel cells are discussed. The accelerated durability estimate of the nanocatalysts, predicted by measuring changes in the electrochemically active surface area using a voltage cycling method, is considered one of the most reliable and valuable method for establishing durability.

关键词: Nanocatalyst, Synthesis method, Catalyst support material, Low temperature fuel cells

Abstract:

Low temperature fuel cells are an attractive technology for transportation and residential applications due to their quick start up and shut down capabilities. This review analyzed the current status of nanocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and alkaline membrane fuel cells. The preparation process influences the performance of the nanocatalyst. Several synthesis methods are covered for noble and non-noble metal catalysts on various catalyst supports including carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanowires, and graphenes. Ex situ and in situ characterization methods like scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fuel cell testing of the nanocatalysts on various supports for both proton exchange and alkaline membrane fuel cells are discussed. The accelerated durability estimate of the nanocatalysts, predicted by measuring changes in the electrochemically active surface area using a voltage cycling method, is considered one of the most reliable and valuable method for establishing durability.

Key words: Nanocatalyst, Synthesis method, Catalyst support material, Low temperature fuel cells