催化学报

催化学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 841-848.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(17)62972-3

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

0D/1D碳点修饰硫化镉纳米线异质结增强可见光光催化性能

陈治伟a,b, 冯昌b, 李卫兵a,b, 孙智勇b, 侯建b, 李相波b, 许立坤b, 孙明先b, 补钰煜c   

  1. a 青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院, 山东青岛 266042;
    b 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所海洋腐蚀与防护重点实验室, 山东青岛 266237;
    c 西安电子科技大学微电子学院宽禁带半导体材料与器件国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710071
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-19 修回日期:2017-12-09 出版日期:2018-04-18 发布日期:2018-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 冯昌, 李卫兵, 补钰煜
  • 基金资助:

    洛阳船舶材料研究所（LSMRI）海洋腐蚀与防护国家重点实验室开放基金（KF160413）；国家自然科学基金（21301161，41376126）.

Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activities of 0D/1D heterojunction carbon quantum dot modified CdS nanowires

Zhiwei Chena,b, Chang Fengb, Weibing Lia,b, Zhiyong Sunb, Jian Houb, Xiangbo Lib, Likun Xub, Mingxian Sunb, Yuyu Buc   

  1. a School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China;
    b State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China;
    c Key Laboratory of Wide Band-Gap Semiconductor Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2017-11-19 Revised:2017-12-09 Online:2018-04-18 Published:2018-04-08
  • Contact: 10.1016/S1872-2067(17)62972-3
  • Supported by:

    This work was financially supported by the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection of Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute (LSMRI) (KF160413), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21301161, 41376126).

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摘要：

硫化镉（CdS）作为一种对可见光响应的窄带隙半导体（带隙宽度约为2.4eV），具有合适的能带位置，近年来受到越来越多的重视.然而在光催化过程中，光生电子与空穴的快速复合极大地限制了CdS的实际应用，如何提高光生电子-空穴对的分离效率成为研究重点.一维CdS纳米棒（1DCdSNWs）具有较大的长径比，能快速有效地转移光生载流子.零维碳点（0DC-dots）是一种粒径在10nm以下的新型纳米碳材料，其作为助催化剂能够加快光生载流子传递速率，可提高材料光催化性能.因此，通过C-dots对CdSNWs进行修饰并形成异质结，利用C-dots助催化剂的作用以提升CdSNWs的光催化性能，具有一定的可行性.
本文成功构建了一种0D/1D碳点修饰CdSNWs异质结（C-dots/CdSNWs），并考察其光催化性能.通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和紫外-可见（UV-Vis）吸收光谱等技术对系列C-dots/CdSNWs样品进行表征.研究发现，C-dots成功负载在CdSNWs的表面并形成异质结.通过测试系列样品在可见光照射下光催化降解罗丹明B（RhB）以及光催化产氢性能发现，C-dots的修饰能够有效增强CdSNWs的光催化性能，其中0.4% C-dots/CdSNWs表现出最佳的光催化降解RhB活性，其经可见光照射60min即可实现对RhB的完全降解（相同条件下CdSNWs需要180min）.同时自由基捕获实验表明，·O2-是降解罗丹明B过程中的主要活性基团.在光催化产氢性能测试中，0.4% C-dots/CdSNWs样品表现出最高的光催化产氢能力，产氢速率可达1633.9μmolg-1h-1，比纯CdS的（196.9μmolg-1h-1）提高了8.3倍，并且C-dots/CdSNWs具有良好的稳定性.研究发现，在可见光照射下，C-dots/CdSNWs能够产生较强的光生电流，且形成的0D/1DC-dots/CdSNWs异质结具有良好的电子传输能力，实现了C-dots/CdSNWs光生电子与空穴的有效分离，从而增强了光催化性能.

关键词: 半导体光催化, 异质结, CdS纳米线, 碳量子点, 水分解

Abstract:

Zero-dimensional carbon dots (0D C-dots) and one-dimensional sulfide cadmium nanowires (1D CdS NWs) were prepared by microwave and solvothermal methods, respectively. A series of heterogeneous photocatalysts that consisted of 1D CdS NWs that were modified with 0D C-dots (C-dots/CdS NWs) were synthesized using chemical deposition methods. The mass fraction of C-dots to CdS NWs in these photocatalysts was varied. The photocatalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Their photocatalytic performance for the spitting of water and the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation were investigated. The photocatalytic performance of the C-dots/CdS NWs was enhanced when compared with that of the pure CdS NWs, with the 0.4% C-dots/CdS NWs exhibiting the highest photocatalytic activity for the splitting of water and the degradation of RhB. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to a higher carrier density because of the heterojunction between the C-dots and CdS NWs. This heterojunction improved the electronic transmission capacity and promoted efficient separation of photogenerated electrons and holes.

Key words: Semiconductor photocatalysis, Heterojunction, CdS nanowire, Carbon quantum dot, Water splitting