催化学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (s1): 178-186.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

木质纤维素生物质催化转化制备液体燃料和化学品

王帅1, 刘海超2   

  1. 1 厦门大学化学化工学院, 固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室, 福建厦门 361005;
    2 北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 北京分子科学国家研究中心, 北京 100871
  • 出版日期:2019-12-17 发布日期:2019-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘海超
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21433001,21690081,21872113).

Catalytic Upgrading of Lignocellulosic Biomass into Liquid Fuels and Chemicals

WANG Shuai1, LIU Haichao2   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China;
    2 Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Online:2019-12-17 Published:2019-10-10
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21433001, 21690081, 21872113).

摘要: 生物质是自然界中唯一可以用来代替化石资源制备液体燃料和化学品的可再生有机碳资源。十余年来,生物质特别是地球上最为丰富的不可食用木质纤维素的转化利用,逐渐成为全球学术界和工业界的研究热点。本文从木质纤维素组分的分离、解聚和催化转化,以及木质纤维素基平台分子的催化转化等方面,简要介绍了近年来由木质纤维素制备液体燃料和化学品的重要进展及目前亟待解决的关键科学问题,探讨了我国在该领域的研究现状与特色,并提出了若干今后可重点开展的研究方向,包括发展木质纤维素预处理、分级解聚和分离的新方法,拓展木质纤维素平台分子制备高附加值化学品的新路径,认识木质纤维素催化转化中重要的反应机理和催化剂构效关系,以及建立完备的木质纤维素催化转化反应工程等.

关键词: 生物质, 木质纤维素, 液体燃料, 化学品, 多相催化

Abstract: Biomass is the only known renewable organic carbon resource in nature that can be used as an alternative to fossil resources for sustainable production of liquid fuels and chemicals. In the past decades, the valorization of biomass, especially the most abundant non-edible lignocellulose, has drawn great attention from both academy and industry worldwide. Here, we attempt to bring together some of the recent advances in the catalytic transformation of lignocellulose and its derived platform molecules to liquid fuels and chemicals. Furthermore, we tentatively propose some topics for further attentions and studies, including the development of new methods for pretreatment, fractionation, and depolymerisation of lignocellulose, the exploration of new catalytic routes to valued-added chemicals from lignocellulose-based platform molecules, the understanding of reaction mechanism and site requirements, and the establishment of comprehensive reaction engineering for catalytic conversion of lignocellulose.

Key words: Biomass, Lignocellulose, Liquid fuels, Chemicals, Heterogeneous catalysis