选择性合成不同形貌的Sb2S3纳米结构应用于高性能的染料敏化太阳能电池

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63493-5

催化学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 435-441.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63493-5

选择性合成不同形貌的Sb₂S₃纳米结构应用于高性能的染料敏化太阳能电池

陈学^a, 李雪敏^a, 卫朋坤^a, 马小勇^c, 喻其林^b, 刘璐^a

a 南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境修复与污染控制天津重点实验室, 天津 300350;
b 南开大学生命科学学院分子微生物与技术重点实验室, 天津 300350;
c 山西省环境科学研究院, 山西太原 030027

收稿日期:2019-06-28 修回日期:2019-08-23 出版日期:2020-03-18 发布日期:2019-11-19
通讯作者: 马小勇, 喻其林, 刘璐
基金资助:
This work was funded by the Tianjin science and technology support key projects (18YFZCSF00500), and the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (21425729) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Selective synthesis of Sb₂S₃ nanostructures with different morphologies for high performance in dye-sensitized solar cells

Xue Chen^a, Xuemin Li^a, Pengkun Wei^a, Xiaoyong Ma^c, Qinlin Yu^b, Lu Liu^a

a Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China;
b Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China;
c Shanxi Provincial Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Taiyuan 030027, Shanxi

Received:2019-06-28 Revised:2019-08-23 Online:2020-03-18 Published:2019-11-19
Supported by:
This work was funded by the Tianjin science and technology support key projects (18YFZCSF00500), and the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (21425729) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近几十年来，随着全球变暖和能源危机的日益严重，对取之不尽、用之不竭的清洁能源技术的需求越来越迫切.1991年Gratzel首次报道了染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSCs），它以低廉的价格、优异的理论功率转换效率（PCE）、环保、多色透明等优点而引起了研究者的关注.Sb₂S₃因其1.5-2.2eV的间隙宽度被认为是最有前途的对电极材料之一.此外，Sb₂S₃是地球中含量丰富的无毒锑矿物的主要成分，还被广泛应用于太阳能转换材料、催化剂、光导探测器等领域.众所周知，石墨烯具有巨大的比表面积、显著的载流子迁移率和优异的热/化学稳定性，这使得提高电子转移效率和电催化活性成为可能.
首先，采用改进的Hummers方法制备了氧化石墨烯纳米片然后采用水热法通过改变Sb源以及实验pH值，合成了Sb₂S₃和Sb₂S₃@RGO样品.对样品进行X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜镜（SEM）、投射电子显微镜（TEM）以及比表面积表征.结果表明，在Sb源不变的情况下，Sb₂S₃样品的形貌随pH值的变化而变化.以三乙酸锑为Sb源，在pH=3时，Sb₂S₃的形貌类似于一个完整的纳米棒结构在pH值为6时，样品为不规则球体当pH值为8时，纳米片结构开始出现但当pH=10时，纳米片结构并不均匀.根据XRD分析，只有当pH值为3时，样品的衍射峰才与标准卡（JCPDS 42-1393）的衍射峰一致.当以氯化锑作为锑源，样品的形貌由不规则的杆状（pH=3）转变为纳米球（pH=6），然后出现纳米片结构（pH=8）.不同的是，当pH值为10时，纳米薄片形成均一的花状结构.XRD结果表明，除pH值为3外，样品的衍射峰与标准卡（JCPDS 42-1393）的值吻合较好.结果表明，合成条件所需的Sb源和碱性环境是合成具有均匀花状结构的纳米片状Sb₂S₃所必不可少的.测得Sb₂S₃的比表面积约为41.72m²g^-1，平均孔径为31.08 nm，Sb₂S₃@RGO的分别为44.53m²g^-1和22.65nm.Sb₂S₃和Sb₂S₃@RGO复合材料均具有介孔结构，为内部电催化剂提供了广阔的通道，从而提高了对电极的催化能力，促进了电化学反应.
将Sb₂S₃纳米花球和Sb₂S₃@RGO纳米薄片作为染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极进行了测试，由于石墨烯的引入，后者比前者具有更好的电催化性能.电化学实验结果表明，与Sb₂S₃，RGO，Pt作为对电极相比，制备的Sb₂S₃@RGO纳米薄片具有更好的催化活性、电荷转移能力和电化学稳定性，Sb₂S₃@RGO的功率转换效率达到8.17%，优于标准Pt对电极（7.75%）.

关键词: Sb₂S₃, 还原性石墨烯, 对电极, 染料敏化电池, 功率转换效率

Abstract: In this work, we initially synthesized Sb₂S₃ with uniform flower-like structures via a facile hydrothermal method through the modification of the Sb source and pH value. Afterward, Sb₂S₃ with a nanosheet structure was successfully synthesized on reduced graphene oxide (Sb₂S₃@RGO). The flower-like Sb₂S₃ and the Sb₂S₃@RGO nanosheets were tested as the counter electrode (CE) of dye-sensitized solar cells, and the latter exhibited a higher electrocatalytic property than the former owing to the introduction of graphene. The results from electrochemical tests indicated that the as-prepared Sb₂S₃@RGO nanosheets possess higher catalytic activity, charge-transfer ability, and electrochemical stability than Sb₂S₃, RGO, and Pt CEs. More notably, the power conversion efficiency of Sb₂S₃@RGO reached 8.17%, which was higher than that of the standard Pt CE (7.75%).

Key words: Sb₂S₃, Reduced graphene oxide, Counter electrode, Dye-sensitized cells, Power conversion efficiency

中图分类号:

陈学, 李雪敏, 卫朋坤, 马小勇, 喻其林, 刘璐. 选择性合成不同形貌的Sb₂S₃纳米结构应用于高性能的染料敏化太阳能电池[J]. 催化学报, 2020, 41(3): 435-441.

Xue Chen, Xuemin Li, Pengkun Wei, Xiaoyong Ma, Qinlin Yu, Lu Liu. Selective synthesis of Sb₂S₃ nanostructures with different morphologies for high performance in dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2020, 41(3): 435-441.

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选择性合成不同形貌的Sb₂S₃纳米结构应用于高性能的染料敏化太阳能电池

Selective synthesis of Sb₂S₃ nanostructures with different morphologies for high performance in dye-sensitized solar cells

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